Strokes and Blood Clots
Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United
States after heart disease and cancer. It is a major cause of disability among
adults and a besides Alzheimer’s Disease, stroke is another a major factor in
late-life dementia.
Below are data and links concerning stroke and blood clots:
Stroke: Explanation,
Prevention and Treatment
Hypertension
and Prevention
These Summary Tables are from the link above:
Hypertension* Prevalence by Age; Civilian,
Non-institutionalized Population, 1988-91
| Age in Years |
Percent Hypertensive |
| 18-29 |
4 |
| 30-39 |
11 |
| 40-49 |
21 |
| 50-59 |
44 |
| 60-69 |
54 |
| 70-79 |
64 |
| 80+ |
65 |
*Defined as the average of three blood pressure measurements 140/90
mmHg on a single occasion or reported taking of anti-hypertensive
medication. Source: Centers for Disease Control, National Center for Health
Statistics, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,
(1988-91).
Factors Influencing Decision To Initiate aTargeted Intensive Intervention Strategy
| High Normal Blood Pressure |
Family History of Hypertension |
| African-American Ancestry |
Overweight |
| Excess Consumption of Sodium |
Physical Inactivity |
| Alcohol Consumption |
|
Trial Results on Efficacy of Interventions forPrimary Prevention of Hypertension
| Documented Efficacy |
|
| Weight Loss |
Reduced Alcohol Consumption |
| Reduced Sodium Intake |
Exercise |
| |
|
| Limited or Unproven Efficacy |
|
| Stress Management |
Calcium (pill supplementation) |
| Potassium (pill supplementation) |
Magnesium (pill supplementation) |
| Fish Oil (pill supplementation) |
Macronutrient Alteration |
| Fiber Supplementation |
|
This Summary Table is from the link above:
SES and CHD
SES and Pre-clinical CHD: Prenatal exposures; blood pressure; smoking; obesity; physical inactivity; diet; lipids; alcohol; hostility/anger; social instability; depression; job strain; hopelessness; vascularreactivity
SES and CHD Triggers: Smoking; heavy exertion; alcohol; anger; social instability; mental stress; intense emotional distress; hyper-reactivity
SES and CHD Recovery: Increased severity; greater co-morbidity; poorer access; poorer quality of care; poorer adherence; socio-environmental factors.
Factors identified with SES are associated with CHD and events at multiple stages. The pre-clinical disease stage refers to the early stages of alteration of the arterial walls and environment in which there are no symptoms or major obstructions to blood flow. In this stage there is the gradual progression from fatty streaks to hard plaque with calcification and, ultimately, clinically significant obstruction. Reflected above are various factors related to SES, linked in some studies either to coronary atherosclerosis on angiography or autopsy, or to carotid atherosclerosis or progression of carotid atherosclerosis. Certain of these factors are likely to be associated with both SES and events that occur in the triggering and acute stage. Finally, SES could be related to poorer recovery from acute events via a number of pathways.
NIH Guidelines
on Prevention, Detection, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure
Stroke and
Blood Clots as the Third Leading Cause of Death in the United States
Addressing
Cardiovascular Health in Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders
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